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Abstract
The aim of this research was to know the profil protein and phagocyte activity of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). The method used in this research was experimental method with Completely Randomized Design (RAL) consisting of 5 treatment levels ie. K=control group without giving alkaloids and feeding pellets mixed with Jellyfish alkaloid Bougainvillia sp., which were treatment A = 0.5 g, B = 0.75 g, C= 1 g and D = 1.25 g alkaloid/kg of feed conducted in 2 replications. It was challenge tested with Vibrio harveyi of 107cfu/mL for 5 days. Blood plasma for protein profile and phagocyte activity was performed after giving immunostimulant on day 28 and after being infected on day 34. The results of the study were: (1) alkaloid characteristic was N-1 Benzylalcohol, 4-Octyl Piperidine) and (2) protein profile after immunostimulant addition resulted in 9 bands and sample after infection showed 7 protein bands. The phagocyte activity increases 11.64% to 80.6%. It is suggested to use 1 g of alkaloid/kg of feed as immunostimulant.
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References
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References
Abbas, A.,K and A.H. lichtman. 2005. Cellular and
Molecular Immunology. Elsevier sauders,
Philadephia, 564 pp.
Andayani, S. 2007. Effect of bioactive alkaloids
jellyfish (Bougainvillia sp) as immunostimulant
toward bactericidal activity, non-specific immune
responses and survival (RPS) of tiger grouper
(Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus). Dissertation.
Graduate Program in University of Brawijaya, 155pp.
Bullock, G.L., D.A. Conroy, and S.F. Snieszko.
Bacterial Diseases of Fishes. Research
fellow, Fish pathology, The Zoological Society
of London,41 pp.
Creswell, C.J., O.A. Runquist, and M.M.
Campbell. 1982, Spectrum Analysis of Organic
Compounds Translation. K. Padmawinata, ITB,
Bandung, 154 p.
Dugenci, S.K., N. Arda and A. Candan. 2003. Some
medicinal plants as immunostimulant for fish. J.
of Ethnopharmacology, 88: 99-106.
Hamed, A.S., K.H. Rahaman, A. Alagan and K.
Yoganandhan. 2003. Antibiotic resistance in
bacteria isolated from hatchery reared larvae and
post larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii. J.
Aquaculture, 217: 39-48.
Harikrishnan R, C. Balasundaram, and M.S. Heo.
Molecular studies, disease status and
prophylactic measures in grouper aquaculture:
economic importance,diseases and immunology.
Aquaculture, 30(9):1-14.
Harikrishnan R., C. Balasundaram, and M.S. Heo.
Diet enriched with mushrooms Phellinus
linteus extract enhances the growth, innate
immune response, and disease resistance of kelp
grouper, Epinephelus bruneus against vibriosis.
J.Fish Shellfish Immunol, 30:128-134.
Jawetz, E., Melnick and Adelberg. 1987. Review of
Medical Microbiology. Translated: Gerard
Bonang K.C.V. EGC, Medical Book Publishers,
Jakarta, p. 846.
Maldoni, B. 1991. Alkaloids: isolation and
purfication. J.Chem.Educ., 68(8): 700-707.
Moriarty, D.J.W. 1997. The role of microorganisms
in aquaculture ponds. J. Aquaculture, (151): 333-349.
Nakanishi, T. 2004. Immunological control for fish
diseases. Fish disease lab. Department of veterinary
medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo, 59 pp.
Sahan, A. and S. Duman. 2010. Influence of β-1, 3 /
, 6 glucan applications on some non-specific
cellular immune response and haematologic
parameters of healthy Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus L., 1758). Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., Vol.
(1):75-81.
Sakai, M. 1999. Current research status of fish
immunostimulants aquaculture. J. Aquaculture,
: 63-92.
Silverstein, R.M., G.C. Bassler, and T.C. Morrill.
Spectrometric Identification of Organic
Compounds, 4th Ed., John Wiley and Sons, Inc.,
Singapore.